[opus] 2 patches related to silk_biquad_alt() optimization

Linfeng Zhang linfengz at google.com
Mon May 8 16:12:51 UTC 2017


Ping for comments.

Thanks,
Linfeng

On Wed, Apr 26, 2017 at 2:15 PM, Linfeng Zhang <linfengz at google.com> wrote:

> On Tue, Apr 25, 2017 at 10:31 PM, Jean-Marc Valin <jmvalin at jmvalin.ca>
> wrote:
>
>>
>> > A_Q28 is split to 2 14-bit (or 16-bit, whatever) integers, to make the
>> > multiplication operation within 32-bits. NEON can do 32-bit x 32-bit =
>> > 64-bit using 'int64x2_t vmull_s32(int32x2_t a, int32x2_t b)', and it
>> > could possibly be faster and less rounding/shifting errors than above C
>> > code. But it may increase difficulties for other CPUs not supporting
>> > 32-bit multiplication.
>>
>> OK, so I'm not totally opposed to that, but it increases the
>> testing/maintenance cost so it needs to be worth it. So the question is
>> how much speedup can you get and how close you can make the result to
>> the original function. If you can make the output be always within one
>> of two LSBs of the C version, then the asm check can simply be a little
>> bit more lax than usual. Otherwise it becomes more complicated. This
>> isn't a function that scares me too much about going non-bitexact, but
>> it's also not one of the big complexity costs either. In any case, let
>> me know what you find.
>>
>
> Tested the proposed NEON optimization change, it can increase the whole
> encoder speed by about 1% at Complexity 8 and 10 for stride = 2 (compared
> to the NEON optimization in the previous patch), and 0.7% at Complexity 8
> and 1.1% at Complexity 10 for stride = 1 (compared to the original C code).
>
> Unfortunately, the truncating difference accumulates in S[] and its
> difference cannot be easily bounded. The difference in out[] may somehow be
> bounded to 5 in my quick testing, but is not guaranteed to other inputs. So
> maybe comparing bit exactness with the following silk_biquad_alt_c_
> MulSingleAQ28() is better.
>
> Please let me know the decision (whether keeping the original NEON (stride
> 2 only) or choosing the new NEON (both stride 1 and 2) which optimizes
> following silk_biquad_alt_c_MulSingleAQ28()), and I'll wrap up the patch.
>
> Here attached the corresponding C code silk_biquad_alt_c_MulSingleAQ28() for
> your information. It uses 64-bit multiplications and is about 0.6% - 0.9%
> slower (for the whole encoder) than the original C code using 32-bit
> multiplications (for both strides and the same stride 2 unrolling).
>
> void silk_biquad_alt_c_MulSingleAQ28(
>     const opus_int16            *in,                /* I     input signal
>                                               */
>     const opus_int32            *B_Q28,             /* I     MA
> coefficients [3]                                        */
>     const opus_int32            *A_Q28,             /* I     AR
> coefficients [2]                                        */
>     opus_int32                  *S,                 /* I/O   State vector
> [2*stride]                                    */
>     opus_int16                  *out,               /* O     output signal
>                                              */
>     const opus_int32            len,                /* I     signal length
> (must be even)                               */
>     opus_int                    stride              /* I     Operate on
> interleaved signal if > 1                       */
> )
> {
>     /* DIRECT FORM II TRANSPOSED (uses 2 element state vector) */
>     opus_int   k;
>
>     silk_assert( ( stride == 1 ) || ( stride == 2 ) );
>
>     if( stride == 1) {
>         opus_int32 out32_Q14;
>         for( k = 0; k < len; k++ ) {
>             /* S[ 0 ], S[ 1 ]: Q12 */
>             out32_Q14 = silk_LSHIFT( silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[ 0 ], in[
> k ] ), 2 );
>
>             S[ 0 ] = S[ 1 ] + silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14 *
> (-A_Q28[ 0 ]), 30 );
>             S[ 0 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[ 1 ], in[ k ] );
>
>             S[ 1 ] = silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14 * (-A_Q28[
> 1 ]) , 30 );
>             S[ 1 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 1 ], B_Q28[ 2 ], in[ k ] );
>
>             /* Scale back to Q0 and saturate */
>             out[ k ] = (opus_int16)silk_SAT16( silk_RSHIFT( out32_Q14 +
> (1<<14) - 1, 14 ) );
>         }
>     } else {
>         opus_int32 out32_Q14[ 2 ];
>         for( k = 0; k < len; k++ ) {
>             /* S[ 0 ], S[ 1 ]: Q12 */
>             out32_Q14[ 0 ] = silk_LSHIFT( silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[ 0 ],
> in[ k * 2 + 0 ] ), 2 );
>             out32_Q14[ 1 ] = silk_LSHIFT( silk_SMLAWB( S[ 2 ], B_Q28[ 0 ],
> in[ k * 2 + 1 ] ), 2 );
>
>             S[ 0 ] = S[ 1 ] + silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14[ 0
> ] * (-A_Q28[ 0 ]), 30 );
>             S[ 2 ] = S[ 3 ] + silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14[ 1
> ] * (-A_Q28[ 0 ]), 30 );
>             S[ 0 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[ 1 ], in[ k * 2 + 0 ] );
>             S[ 2 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 2 ], B_Q28[ 1 ], in[ k * 2 + 1 ] );
>
>             S[ 1 ] = silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14[ 0 ] *
> (-A_Q28[ 1 ]), 30 );
>             S[ 3 ] = silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14[ 1 ] *
> (-A_Q28[ 1 ]), 30 );
>             S[ 1 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 1 ], B_Q28[ 2 ], in[ k * 2 + 0 ] );
>             S[ 3 ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ 3 ], B_Q28[ 2 ], in[ k * 2 + 1 ] );
>
>             /* Scale back to Q0 and saturate */
>             out[ k * 2 + 0 ] = (opus_int16)silk_SAT16( silk_RSHIFT(
> out32_Q14[ 0 ] + (1<<14) - 1, 14 ) );
>             out[ k * 2 + 1 ] = (opus_int16)silk_SAT16( silk_RSHIFT(
> out32_Q14[ 1 ] + (1<<14) - 1, 14 ) );
>         }
>     }
> }
>
> Here is the NEON kernels which uses vqrdmulh_lane_s32() to do the
> multiplication and rounding, where A_Q28_s32x{2,4} stores doubled -A_Q28[]:
>
> static inline void silk_biquad_alt_stride1_kernel(const int32x2_t
> A_Q28_s32x2, const int32x4_t t_s32x4, int32x2_t *S_s32x2, int32x2_t
> *out32_Q14_s32x2)
> {
>     int32x2_t t_s32x2;
>
>     *out32_Q14_s32x2 = vadd_s32(*S_s32x2, vget_low_s32(t_s32x4));
>                    /* silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[ 0 ], in[ k ] )
>                      */
>     *S_s32x2         = vreinterpret_s32_u64(vshr_n_u6
> 4(vreinterpret_u64_s32(*S_s32x2), 32)); /* S[ 0 ] = S[ 1 ]; S[ 1 ] = 0;
>                                            */
>     *out32_Q14_s32x2 = vshl_n_s32(*out32_Q14_s32x2, 2);
>                    /* out32_Q14 = silk_LSHIFT( silk_SMLAWB( S[ 0 ], B_Q28[
> 0 ], in[ k ] ), 2 ); */
>     t_s32x2          = vqrdmulh_lane_s32(A_Q28_s32x2, *out32_Q14_s32x2,
> 0);                  /* silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14 * (-A_Q28[
> {0,1} ]), 30 )        */
>     *S_s32x2         = vadd_s32(*S_s32x2, t_s32x2);
>                    /* S[ {0,1} ] = {S[ 1 ],0} + silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( );
>                     */
>     *S_s32x2         = vadd_s32(*S_s32x2, vget_high_s32(t_s32x4));
>                   /* S[ {0,1} ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ {0,1} ], B_Q28[ {1,2} ],
> in[ k ] );          */
> }
>
> static inline void silk_biquad_alt_stride2_kernel(const int32x4_t
> A_Q28_s32x4, const int32x4_t B_Q28_s32x4, const int32x2_t t_s32x2, const
> int32x4_t inval_s32x4, int32x4_t *S_s32x4, int32x2_t *out32_Q14_s32x2)
> {
>     int32x4_t t_s32x4, out32_Q14_s32x4;
>
>     *out32_Q14_s32x2 = vadd_s32(vget_low_s32(*S_s32x4), t_s32x2);
>    /* silk_SMLAWB( S{0,1}, B_Q28[ 0 ], in[ k * 2 + {0,1} ] )
>                         */
>     *S_s32x4         = vcombine_s32(vget_high_s32(*S_s32x4),
> vdup_n_s32(0)); /* S{0,1} = S{2,3}; S{2,3} = 0;
>                                     */
>     *out32_Q14_s32x2 = vshl_n_s32(*out32_Q14_s32x2, 2);
>    /* out32_Q14_{0,1} = silk_LSHIFT( silk_SMLAWB( S{0,1}, B_Q28[ 0 ], in[ k
> * 2 + {0,1} ] ), 2 );  */
>     out32_Q14_s32x4  = vcombine_s32(*out32_Q14_s32x2, *out32_Q14_s32x2);
>   /* out32_Q14_{0,1,0,1}
>                        */
>     t_s32x4          = vqrdmulhq_s32(out32_Q14_s32x4, A_Q28_s32x4);
>    /* silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( (opus_int64)out32_Q14[ {0,1,0,1} ] * (-A_Q28[
> {0,0,1,1} ]), 30 )          */
>     *S_s32x4         = vaddq_s32(*S_s32x4, t_s32x4);
>   /* S[ {0,1,2,3} ] = {S[ {2,3} ],0,0} + silk_RSHIFT_ROUND( );
>                        */
>     t_s32x4          = vqdmulhq_s32(inval_s32x4, B_Q28_s32x4);
>   /* silk_SMULWB(B_Q28[ {1,1,2,2} ], in[ k * 2 + {0,1,0,1} ] )
>                        */
>     *S_s32x4         = vaddq_s32(*S_s32x4, t_s32x4);
>   /* S[ {0,1,2,3} ] = silk_SMLAWB( S[ {0,1,2,3} ], B_Q28[ {1,1,2,2} ], in[
> k * 2 + {0,1,0,1} ] ); */
> }
>
> Thanks,
> Linfeng
>
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